Revista de Enfermería Neurológica

Validation of the barriers scale for prostate cancer screening in nahua males

Alfredo — 2024-12-26

Introduction: Prostate cancer is a public health problem. Related studies indicate the lack of instruments adapted to the native language to measure barriers to prostate cancer detection.

Objective: To design and validate a scale of barriers for the detection of prostate cancer in Nahua men belonging to native peoples of the northeastern highlands of the state of Puebla.

Methodology: Progressive cross-sectional five-stage study: 1) design of the instrument, 2) validation by judges, 3) translation and interpretation into the Nahuatl language, 4) pilot test, and 5) multivariate statistical analysis.

Results: An instrument with 18 statements was designed. The principal factor analysis found the existence of five factors that explain 71.805% of the total variance, with a p-value < .001; as well as a Cronbach’s alpha of .840.

Discussion: The results coincide with other research, demonstrating that the intention to undergo prostate screening tests is conditioned among other things by the attitude and lack of assertive communication on the part of the health personnel.

Conclusions: A valid and reliable instrument was obtained that measures the barriers to prostate cancer detection in men from native towns of Puebla. This tool will allow the development of evidence-based nursing applied to vulnerable populations.

Level of application of the FAST HUG protocol at the Naval Medical Center

Gabriela Hernández-Pío — 2024-11-05

Introduction: Adherence to the FAST HUG protocol consists of taking care of aspects such as feeding, analgesia, sedation, thromboprophylaxis, bedside elevation, prevention of stress ulcers, and glucose control in patients. These measures make it possible to reduce injuries, complications, or the morbimortality rate of those admitted to intensive care units.

Objective: To describe the level of application of the FAST HUG mnemonic protocol by the Nursing staff in the intensive care unit of the Naval Medical Center (CEMENAV).

Methodology: Descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, and prospective study. The population consisted of 30 intensive care nurses from the morning, afternoon, evening, night A, and night B shifts and patients admitted to this service during June 2023. A checklist with indicators contemplated in the FAST-HUG protocol was used.

Results: The level of adherence to the FAST-HUG protocol was sufficient, with a compliance rate of 81.4%. These results are explained by an efficient adherence in 4 parts of the mnemonic (S, H, U, and G) with percentages higher than 90 %; on the other hand, an insufficient adherence was observed in the early feeding initiation with 43 %.

Conclusions: Nursing performance on critical patient care in the ICU of the CEMENAV is sufficient and benefits their recovery. At the same time, it represents an opportunity to aspire to improve the level of application, in addition to including new quality protocols that increase the quality of care for patients.

Educational intervention managed by specialists in community nursing to modify risk factors for vulvovaginitis in adolescents

Dairis Vázquez Valle — 2024-10-31

Introduction: In medical practice, vaginal infections represent a frequent health problem in our environment.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of an educational intervention managed by community nurse specialists to modify risk factors for vulvovaginitis in adolescents.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study was carried out with 48 adolescents from clinic 15 of the Mataguá polyclinic in Cuba. The variables age, overcrowding, study in boarding schools, level of knowledge of the adolescents before and after the intervention, and way of genital hygiene were analyzed. The results were organized in tables and graphs after processing.

Results: The predominant age range was 12 to 14 years; most adolescents lived in overcrowded conditions and attended boarding schools. A high number reported not having received prior information on the subject. Before the intervention, most of the adolescent girls slept in company, did not wash their genitals properly, and did not know how often they should do it. After applying the educational intervention, the level of knowledge on these aspects increased.

Conclusions: The educational intervention was satisfactory since it achieved significant differences in the level of knowledge before and after the intervention. It is recommended that it be extended to the rest of the study universe and that the procedures carried out in this research be applied to other adolescents whose knowledge needs could be similar.

Measurement of cuff pressure using a manometer to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia at CEMENAV

Olga Bonilla-Beltrán — 2025-02-10

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) represent a significant public health issue. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common infections acquired in this context. Cuff pressure management ensures proper airway function, preventing leaks, aspiration, or patient extubation.

Objective: To analyze the impact of cuff pressure control using a manometer on reducing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients hospitalized in the Adult Intensive Care Unit at the Naval Medical Center.

Material and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, prospective, and quantitative study was conducted with 157 cuff pressure controls in 32 adult patients under mechanical ventilation in the Intensive Care Unit of the Naval Medical Center. Data collection included a descriptive statistical analysis of measurements taken at the beginning of shifts and before secretion aspiration, pneumonia confirmation through bronchial cultures, and ethical approval for minimal-risk research.

Results: The study analyzed 32 mechanically ventilated patients, recording 157 cuff pressure measurements. Low pressures (<19 mmHg) were predominant (59%) and associated with 13% of infections, while normal pressures (20-30 mmHg) showed a lower infection rate (8%). Most patients were women, with the highest prevalence in the 65-75 age range. The most frequently identified pathogens were Acinetobacter baumannii (16%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (7%), and Aspergillus niger (5%).

Discussion: The study highlights that proper cuff pressure management using a manometer reduces VAP incidence, with lower infection rates in normal pressures (8%) compared to low pressures (13%). Microbiological and demographic findings underscore institutional differences, while the critical mechanical ventilation range (6-12 days) emphasizes the need for preventive strategies for intubated patients.

Conclusion: In the ICU, reducing the risks of VAP is crucial due to increasing antibiotic resistance. Preventive measures must be implemented to decrease this incidence. It was observed that healthcare personnel often rely on tactile methods for cuff pressure measurement.

Correlation between depression and loneliness in the elderly individuals from Nextlalpan

José María Díaz-Rodríguez — 2025-02-27

Introduction: Depression is a condition defined by persistent sadness, diminished interest or enjoyment, feelings of guilt or low self-esteem, sleep or appetite disturbances, as well as a pervasive sense of fatigue and difficulty concentrating. Loneliness arises when an individual feels misunderstood or excluded, or lacks companionship to engage in desired activities, whether physical, intellectual, or emotional.

Objective: To examine the relationship between the degree of depression and loneliness in elderly individuals from Nextlalpan.

Methodology: This study employs a quantitative, correlational, prospective, and cross-sectional approach. The sampling method was non-probabilistic and based on convenience. The instrument used for depression screening was the Geriatric Depression Scale developed by Yesavage.

Results: The findings indicate that 76.8% of elderly individuals exhibited mild depression, 9.2% experienced moderate depression, and 14.0% suffered from severe depression.

Discussion: The correlation analysis between depression and loneliness did not reveal a significant association. However, relationships were observed between other variables, such as depression and age, as well as loneliness and gender.

Conclusion: Nursing professionals must recognize the underlying factors contributing to depression and loneliness, implement interventions that help reduce their prevalence among elderly individuals, and enhance their overall quality of life.

Case study of a person at risk of ineffective cerebral perfusión secondary to intraparenchymal hemorrhage based on the philosophy of Virginia Henderson

Rocío Brenda Tolentino-Pérez — 2024-09-17

Introduction: Intraparenchymal hemorrhage is a pathology that represents between 10% and 15% of strokes; causes high mortality or leaves serious neurological effects.

Objective: Develop a case study of a person at risk of ineffective cerebral perfusion secondary to intraparenchymal hemorrhage, based on the philosophy of Virginia Henderson.

Methodology: Observational and qualitative study. The data were obtained using an assessment instrument based on Virginia Henderson’s 14 basic needs. The systematic Nursing Care Process (PAE) method was used. A review of the literature was carried out through the databases Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Scielo, Redalyc and Google academic. The guidelines of the General Health Law on Research NOM-012-SSA3-2012 and the use of informed consent were considered.

Case study presentation: 41-year-old woman diagnosed with intraparenchymal hemorrhage, postoperatively, with decompressive craniectomy and hysterectomy. In the adult intensive care unit (ACU), elevated intracranial pressure and data of low cardiac output were found, through neuroprotective measures such as therapeutic hypothermia.

Application of the nursing process: The 5 stages of the PAE were applied and Nursing plans were made to resolve altered needs.

Discharge plan: A plan was developed to provide continuity to the care provided to the person with neurological sequelae.

Conclusions: Despite the low probabilities of survival, the care provided at the UTIA managed to preserve human life, although with irreparable neurological consequences.

Introduction: Intraparenchymal hemorrhage is a pathology that represents 10 - 15% of strokes, causing high mortality and/or leaving serious neurological consequences.

Objective: Establish a plan of specialized nursing interventions in the care of the neurocritical person with intraparenchymal hemorrhage.

Methodology: Qualitative observational study; Obtaining data using an assessment instrument based on Virginia Henderson's 14 basic needs. Use of the systematic method Nursing Care Process. A review of the literature was carried out through databases: Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Scielo, Redalyc and Google academic. Developed under the guidelines of the General Health Law on Research and NOM-012-SSA3-2012.

Case study presentation: 41-year-old woman diagnosed with intraparenchymal hemorrhage, postoperative: decompressive craniectomy and hysterectomy. In the neurocritical unit, he found elevated intracranial pressure and data of low cardiac output, under neuroprotective measures: therapeutic hypothermia.

Application of the nursing process: The 5 stages of the process were applied and nursing plans were made to resolve altered needs.

Discharge plan: Developed to provide continuity to the neurological sequelae of intraparenchymal hemorrhage.

Conclusions: Despite the poor survival prognosis, the care provided in the neurocritical unit managed to preserve human life, although with irreparable neurological sequelae.